Gravitational Lensing Picture
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The multiple image effect is produced by a process called gravitational lensing in which the gravitational field of a massive object bends and amplifies light from an object farther behind it.
Stars and planets can cause gravitational lensing effects although those are hard to detect.
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Gravitational lensing picture. The gravitational fields of galaxies and. It is based on the assumptions that gravitational elds are weak and that bending angles are. This effect called gravitational lensing is only visible in rare cases and only the best telescopes can observe the related phenomena. Hubbles sensitivity and high resolution allow it to see faint and distant gravitational lenses that cannot be detected with ground based telescopes whose images are blurred by the earths atmosphere.
A gravitational lens is a distribution of matter such as a cluster of galaxies between a distant light source and an observer that is capable of bending the light from the source as the light travels towards the observerthis effect is known as gravitational lensing and the amount of bending is one of the predictions of albert einsteins general theory of relativity. Gravitational lens as observed by the hubble space telescopein this picture a galactic cluster about five billion light years away produces a tremendous gravitational field that bends light around it. He comes to an encouraging result and starts searching in the sky for double galaxies as candidates for gravitational lensing but without success. This lens produces multiple copies of a blue galaxy about twice as distant.
While gravitational lensing has existed throughout history its fairly safe to say that it was first discovered in the early 1900s. Refsdal establishes the quasi newtonian approximation formalism for lensing. Gravitational lensing acts as a coordinate transformation that distorts the images of background objects usually galaxies near a foreground mass. The transformation can be split into two terms the convergence and shearthe convergence term magnifies the background objects by increasing their size and the shear term stretches them tangentially around the foreground mass.
Today it is used to study many phenomena and objects in the distant universe. By evaluating the strong lensing phenomenon astronomers can look to the early universe dominated mostly by quasars. The light from the quasars is bent around the huge masses of the galaxies as a result of strong gravitational lensing. Nasas hubble space telescope captured the first ever picture of a group of five star like images of a single distant quasar.